In the present world, many natural calamities are reported worldwide due to climate change. We can’t stop the mishaps, but we can save people from casualties by giving them an early warning.
Today, I’m going to discuss landslide detection or prediction system. It’s easy to develop the system using some hardware components and coding. There are lots of mediums to develop prototypes from our ideas. Here I’m going to use Arduino Development Board; in the future, Raspberry Pi can be replaced for adding accurate prediction from data by Machine Learning and Mathematical Algorithms.
The theory behind the Landslide(Mudslide);
Landslides are caused by disturbances in the natural stability of a slope. They can accompany heavy rains or follow droughts, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions. Mudslides develop when water rapidly accumulates in the ground and results in a surge of water-saturated rock, earth, and debris. Mudslides usually start on steep slopes and can be activated by natural disasters. Areas, where wildfires or human modification of the land have destroyed vegetation on slopes are particularly vulnerable to landslides during and after heavy rains. source
Simply, The high amount of water causes mudslides. So, here the device collects data from Soil Moisture Sensor to Arduino Board, and it transfers the collected data to the Warning system using the LoRa module. Then, it can be uploaded to the web using NodeMCU.
I’m adding detailed details of the Hardware components;
- Arduino Uno: Arduino UNO is a low-cost, flexible, and easy-to-use programmable open-source microcontroller board that can be integrated into a variety of electronic projects. This board can be interfaced with other Arduino boards, Arduino shields, and Raspberry Pi boards and can control relays, LEDs, servos, and motors as an output. source
2. NodeMCU ESP8266: IoT applications are on the rise, and connecting objects is getting more and more important. There are several ways to connect objects, such as Wi-Fi protocol. NodeMCU is an open-source platform based on ESP8266 which can connect objects and let data transfer using the Wi-Fi protocol. In addition, by providing some of the most important features of microcontrollers, such as GPIO, PWM, ADC, etc., it can solve many of the project’s needs alone. source
3. Soil Moisture Sensor: Soil moisture sensors measure or estimate the amount of water in the soil. These sensors can be stationary or portable such as handheld probes. Stationary sensors are placed at predetermined locations and depths in the field, whereas portable soil moisture probes can measure soil moisture at several locations. source
4. Vibration Sensor: A vibration sensor is a device that measures the amount and frequency of vibration in a given system, machine, or piece of equipment. Those measurements can be used to detect imbalances or other issues in the asset and predict future breakdowns. source
5. LCD 16x2 Display: The liquid crystal display (LCD) panel is designed to project on-screen information of a microcomputer onto a larger screen with the aid of a standard overhead projector so that large audiences may view on-screen information without having to crowd around the TV monitor. source
6. LoRa Transmitting Module: The name, LoRa, is a reference to the extremely long-range data links that this technology enables. Created by Semtech to standardize LPWANs, LoRa provides for long-range communications: up to three miles (five kilometers) in urban areas and up to 10 miles (15 kilometers) or more in rural areas (line of sight). source
